Respon Runtuhnya Kekhilafahan Utsmaniyyah 3 Maret 1924 dalam Kongres Al-Islam Luar Biasa V di Bandung (6-8 Februari 1925)

الملخص

The Al-Islam Congress was a political reaction by Muslims in the Dutch East Indies to the abolition of the global Islamic political institution known as the Caliphate, as well as the ouster of Caliph Abdul Majid II by Mustafa Kemal Pasha—with British assistance—on March 3, 1924. The purpose of this study is to analyze the background behind the convening of the Fifth Extraordinary Al-Islam Congress in Bandung (1925). This study employs a qualitative approach and historical research methods (heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography), as well as an interdisciplinary approach; it addresses a gap in the literature by combining historical, political, and social perspectives. The results of the study indicate that the Fifth Al-Islam Congress of the Dutch East Indies was held in Bandung from February 6 to 8, 1925. This congress was initiated by the Central Committee of the Yogyakarta branch of the al-Islam Congress in collaboration with the Bandung branch of the same organization. They had unanimously agreed to convene an extraordinary session of the 5th al-Islam Congress of the Dutch East Indies. The goal was to send several delegates to the Caliphate Conference, which had been initiated by the new King of Hijaz, Ibn Saud, in Mecca. The main agenda item was the selection of delegates to convey the aspirations of Muslims in the East Indies regarding the resolution of the Caliphate issue. In addition, the congress will also discuss current topics and issues of the time, such as social interactions, interfaith relations, women’s issues, and polygamy. The exact location of the Fifth al-Islam Congress in Bandung was the Persatuan Islam (Persis) school building. The address was Pangeran Soemedang Weg (Jalan Pangeran Sumedang) No. 41, which has since been renamed Jalan Otto Iskandar Dinata (Otista), in the city of Bandung.