Tarikh : Journal of Islamic History and Civilization
Original title : Tarikh : Journal of Islamic History and Civilization English title : Tarikh : Journal of Islamic History and Civilization Short title : Tarikh Abbreviation : Tarikh Frequency : 2 issues per year (April and October) Number of articles per issue : 10 research and review articles per issue DOI : Prefix 10.61630/tjihc by Crossref ISSN : E-ISSN 3090-8310 (online) Editor-in-Chief : Tatang Hidayat [Scopus-ID: 59308475300] Publisher : PT. Student Rihlah Indonesia Language : Arabic, English and Indonesian Citation Analysis : Google Scholar, Dimensions, Garuda Subject Area; Category : Islamic History and Civilization Discipline : Islamic History and Civilization Tarikh : Journal of Islamic History and Civilization (E-ISSN 3090-8310) is a blind peer-reviewed journal Islamic History and civilization published by Student Rihlah Indonesia. TJIHC is motivated by a lack of Muslim-spiritual values to understand the contribution of Islam to the development of many scientific disciplines for modern civilization. Hence, TRJIHC attempts to integrate such kind science disciplines into Islam as a way of life in modern civilization. For this purpose, TJIHC is designed as a unique peer-reviewed open-access online scientific journal that provides an interdisciplinary, national, international, and interfaith forum for scientists from any discipline area. It encourages reflective thinking and progressive working on modern Islamic civilization. TJIHC welcomes theoretical or empirical studies about the application of Islamic and Sharia concepts in many disciplines including especially historical, social, and humanities studies with Islamic themes. TJIHC publishes scientific articles in the fields of historical, social, and humanities. TJIHC invites academics to publish their research articles, especially historical, social, and humanities studies with Islamic themes in: Islamic groups or communities, muslim minorities, cultuer and traditions, education, organization and politics, civilization, heritage and architecture, social change, intellectual and thought, Biography, Historiography, Press and Literacy, Science and Technology.
You are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Under the following terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits. Notices: You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation . No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
Dinamika Organisasi Perempuan Islam: Aisyiyah dan Muslimat NU
This study highlights how Islamic women's organizations respond to digital disruption and the challenges of religious conservatism in Indonesia. The primary focus is to analyze the ideological and structural transformation of Aisyiyah and Muslimat NU in negotiating historical identity with the demands of modernity. The research employs a qualitative approach through a critical historiographical method, encompassing digital source heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and contemporary historiography. Findings reveal a shift from domestic roles to strategic public engagement through enhanced digital resilience, independent philanthropy, and public policy advocacy such as the TPKS Law. The novelty of this research lies in its post-pandemic comparative-synchronic analysis, examining the use of collective memory as an instrument for social innovation. The policy implications of these findings emphasize the importance of the government positioning both organizations as strategic partners in formulating social policy and religious moderation. Theoretically, this study contributes to the repositioning of Islamic women's historiography as active subjects in the history of digital civilization in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Denisha Luthfiyah Hermawan, Rezza Fauzi Muhamad Fahmi, Yuni Nur Anggraeni, Fakhraini ‘Afi Mufidah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sejarah Sanad Ilmu Al-Qur’an di Kalangan Ulama Minangkabau dan Perannya sebagai Basis Epistemologi Pendidikan Islam
This study aims to analyze the role of sanad as an epistemological foundation in Islamic education through an examination of the transmission of Qur’anic knowledge among Minangkabau ulama. In the Islamic intellectual tradition, sanad does not merely function as a chain of transmission but also as a mechanism for validating the authority of knowledge, ensuring the authenticity and continuity of teachings. This research employs a qualitative approach using historical methods and intellectual genealogy analysis to examine the chains of qira’at transmission that developed in Minangkabau, particularly through the figures of Syeikh Yasin Al-Fadani, Syeikh Ahmad Khatib Al-Minangkabawi, Syeikh Abdurrahman Al-Khalidi Batuhampar, and Syeikh Abdurrauf Singkil. The findings reveal that sanad functions as an epistemic system that integrates oral transmission, scholarly authority, and global networks of ulama centered in the Haramain. Minangkabau ulama not only act as recipients of the intellectual tradition but also as agents of sanad dissemination, contributing to the formation of Islamic educational networks in the Malay-Indonesian world and beyond. Furthermore, the existence of qira’at manuscripts and the practice of talaqqi demonstrate a combination of textual and oral transmission in preserving the authenticity of Qur’anic knowledge. This study concludes that sanad constitutes a foundational epistemology in Islamic education, maintaining enduring relevance in safeguarding the integrity of knowledge while highlighting the strategic position of Minangkabau ulama within the global intellectual network of Islam.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jemmy Harto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dinamika Majelis Ulama Indonesia Pada Masa Orde Baru:Kepemimpinan Hamka, Syukri Ghozali, dan Hasan Basri dalam Negosiasi Otoritas Keagamaan dan Politik Negara
This article analyzes the dynamics of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) during the New Order era, focusing on three leadership phases: Hamka, Syukri Ghozali, and Hasan Basri. This article seeks to develop new ideas by incorporating more recent open-ended studies on Hamka, fatwas, religious authority, and Islam-state relations in Indonesia. The method employed is a literature-based historical approach, involving heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The primary sources for this article consist of MUI archives, MUI fatwas, the evolution of religious authority, and contemporary studies on Hamka’s thought. The findings indicate that the MUI cannot be understood solely as an extension of the state or as a fully independent religious opposition. During Hamka’s era, the MUI appeared relatively more assertive in upholding moral autonomy, particularly in the Christmas fatwa controversy. During Syukri Ghozali’s tenure, the MUI tended to emphasize the function of safeguarding orthodoxy through its handling of movements deemed deviant. During Hasan Basri’s tenure, the MUI developed a strategy of critical accommodation—being more cautious toward the state while still asserting leverage on issues such as the single-party principle, SDSB, inheritance law, and the Darul Arqam movement. The shift in the MUI’s leadership style is best understood as an institutional adaptation to the New Order’s power structure, changes in the socio-religious landscape, and the transformation of Islamic authority in Indonesia. Thus, the MUI serves as a forum for negotiation that brings together the aspirations of the Muslim community, the interests of the state, and the authority of the ulama in an ever-evolving form.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wildan Insan Fauzi, Yeni Kurniawati, Iing Yulianti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sejarah Berdiri Central Komite Khilafah di Hindia Timur (Studi Analisis Surat Kabar 1924 – 1926)
This Al-Islam Congress was a political reaction by Muslims in the Dutch East Indies to the abolition of the global Islamic political institution known as the Caliphate, as well as the ousting of Caliph Abdul Majid II by Mustafa Kemal Pasha—with British assistance—on March 3, 1924. The purpose of this study is to analyze the history of the establishment of the Central Committee of the Caliphate in the Dutch East Indies (A Newspaper Analysis Study, 1924–1926). Employing a qualitative approach and historical research methods (heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography), as well as an interdisciplinary approach, this study addresses a gap in the literature by combining historical, political, and social perspectives. The findings reveal that in mid-1924, several figures from the Arab community in Batavia and Surabaya received an invitation to the Caliphate Congress in Cairo sent by the scholars of Al-Azhar. Tjokroaminoto responded by organizing a meeting held on Saturday and Sunday, October 4–5, 1924, at the Madrasah Tarbiyatul Aitam building in Genteng, Surabaya. The invitation to the meeting was disseminated to all scholars and community leaders through the newspapers of the Islamic movement. Disagreements marked the proceedings of the meeting, until Wondo Soedirjo eventually suspended the session briefly. Once the atmosphere had calmed, the participants agreed to first establish a committee as a platform for their struggle. The meeting, held at Madrasah Tarbiyatul Aitam in Surabaya, resulted in the formation of the first organization in the East Indies dedicated to reestablishing the Caliphate. Attendees representing various Islamic organizations and several regional associations agreed to name this merged organization the Centraal Comite Chilaafat Hindia Timoer. The newspaper Soeara Perdamaian published the khittah, or guiding principles, of this movement.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lutfhi Anwari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Peran Dakwah KH. Choer Affandi Pendiri Pesantren Miftahul Huda Manonjaya di Indonesia : Perspektif Sejarah, Politik dan Pendidikan
The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of the da’wah of KH. Choer Affandi, founder of the Miftahul Huda Manonjaya Islamic boarding school in Indonesia, from historical, political, and educational perspectives. This study employs a qualitative approach and descriptive methods. The research findings indicate that the history of the establishment of the Miftahul Huda Manojaya Islamic Boarding School began with KH. Choer Affandi’s experience with political Islam, which started while he was a student at the Sukamanah Islamic Boarding School led by KH. Zainal Musthafa, and the Gunung Puyuh Islamic Boarding School led by KH. Ahmad Sanusi. The DI/TII was a historical event in the journey of the Indonesian nation that has long been viewed by the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia as a “rebellion.” In explaining Choer Affandi’s biography, one must inevitably address the DI/TII event. After K.H. Choer Affandi came down from the mountains, his method of struggle eventually shifted toward education through the establishment of an Islamic boarding school. This marked the turning point in Choer Affandi’s struggle: from the initial “jihad bil qital” (struggle through combat) by taking up arms in the mountains, it shifted to “jihad bil fikroh” (struggle through thought), where he assumed the role of a scholar as the “Warasatul Anbiya” (heir to the prophets). The Miftahul Huda Islamic Boarding School was founded on August 7, 1967, by K.H. Choer Affandi. Since its establishment in 1967, the Miftahul Huda Islamic boarding school has had a significant social and religious impact on the community of Manonjaya, Tasikmalaya Regency. KH. Choer Affandi met Buya Hamka and M. Natsir while performing the Hajj in 1974. KH. Choer Affandi’s role in da’wah extended beyond the local community of Tasikmalaya—where he initiated the establishment of the Tasikmalaya Islamic Hospital—and was undeniably significant on the national stage as well. KH. Choer Affandi was one of the founders of the West Java Islamic Boarding School Cooperation Agency (BKsPP). Later, Pondok Gontor, Diniyyah Putri Padang Panjang, and others joined, so that the BKsPP, which initially covered West Java, became a national organization known as the Indonesian Islamic Boarding School Cooperation Agency (BKsPPI).
Copyright (c) 2026 Tatang Hidayat, Syahidin Syahidin, Istianah Istianah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Negarawan Muslim Modern: Studi Tokoh Mohammad Natsir (1908-1993) dalam Pergaulan Multikultural
This article aims to reveal the character, exemplary character, and legacy of M. Natsir (1908-1993), a modern Muslim figure of the 20th century for his role in building multicultural relations. This study of this figure was conducted to show evidence of the harmony of a Muslim's morals with the spirit of maintaining national unity amidst the diversity of Indonesian society. This research uses a historical research method consisting of 1) topic selection, 2) source collection (heuristic), 3) verification, 4) interpretation, and 5) writing history with the system cards research technique. To obtain a comprehensive picture of this study, a biographical and interpretative research approach was used through the concept of multicultural education proposed by Bhiku C. Parekh. The research results show that Natsir was an inclusive figure who proactively raised awareness of the importance of fostering the integrity of the Indonesian nation which is blessed with ethnic, cultural, and religious diversity. Some of Natsir's exemplary values ​​that have been revealed in this article include that he was a Muslim who was not allergic to differences, always embraced diversity, and demonstrated inclusive and principled behavior. These values ​​strengthen Natsir's exemplary role for the Indonesian nation, especially Muslims today, to achieve the vision of Indonesia Emas 2045.
Copyright (c) 2026 Naufal Al-Zahra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Titik Nol Kehendak Berpemerintahan Sendiri (Zelfbestuur) 1916 Sarekat Islam: Sebuah Rekonstruksi Sejarah Masa Depan
The purpose of this study is to analyze the history of the Zero Point of the Will for Self-Governance (Zelfbestuur) 1916 Sarekat Islam: A Reconstruction of Future History. This study employs a qualitative approach through literature review and reflective analysis. The methodological steps employed include Normative Analysis, Historical Analysis, and Reflective Analysis. The primary source, the book Zero Point of the Will for Self-Governance (Zelfbestuur) 1916, serves as the conceptual foundation and main reference. Based on the findings, ‘the will for self-governance (zelfbestuur)’ is a mantra. In the socio-political context of 100 (one hundred) years ago, this was a historic event for indigenous Muslims in the East Indies, after the power and sovereignty of many sultanates across the Nusantara region gradually weakened and eventually succumbed to Western colonial rule, with the last being the Sultanate of Aceh (1902). The struggle to achieve the ideal of self-governance for the indigenous Muslim people, pioneered by the Central Sarekat Islam, was in fact a metamorphosis and transformation of the substance of the sultanate or caliphate (Ottoman Turkey) governance model—one that was more egalitarian and non-feudal, relying on genealogy for succession. We must seek a new starting point agreed upon by the indigenous Muslim people of Indonesia today, so that the history of Zelbestuur from 100 years ago becomes not only a collective memory but also the driving force behind a shared movement to realize it in this millennium. From the perspective of historical scholarship, the NATICO I event certainly deserves attention through various national history seminars, enriched with documents and data. Indeed, from a political science perspective, the history of governance will also undergo reconstruction.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nunu A Hamijaya (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Islamisasi di Karawang Raya Dari Syekh Qura hingga Kesultanan Islam
The objective of this study is to analyze the history of Islamization in the Greater Karawang region from Sheikh Quro to the Islamic Sultanate. This study employs a qualitative research design using library research. Data credibility is tested through a five-year research period from 2021 to 2026, data triangulation, and member checking. Greater Karawang has been part of Darul Islam since the early days of the Sultanates in Cirebon and Banten. This means it was not merely a region of da’wah but also a land where Islamic Sharia was once enforced through the authority of Sultans bearing the titles Panatagama or Qaimuddin—titles signifying those who uphold religious laws. What is particularly noteworthy is that the call to jihad fi sabilillah in Cirebon and Banten—as the rulers of Karawang Raya—was closely tied to the Ottoman Caliphate, exemplified by the Ki Amuk cannon of Banten and the Macan Ali war banner, both of which bore Ottoman symbols: the Dzulfiqar sword. Karawang Raya was a land of Islamic warriors. The Rengasdengklok Incident is only a small part of the history of Greater Karawang. Subsequently, the Islamization of Greater Karawang was led by Sundanese nobles of the Aria Wangsagoparana lineage and scholars who were alumni of al-Haramain, known as the Ashab al-Jawiyyah. Among the figures involved were the Regent of Karawang, Dalem Solawat Rd. H. Muhammad Siraj Suriawinata; the Head of Karawang, Syekh Baing Rd. H. Muhammad Yusuf; and Mama Sempur Plered, Syaikh Tubagus Ahmad Bakri, along with his students in Karawang, Bekasi, Subang, and Purwakarta.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arif Noor Dhaiman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The History of the 1978 Iranian Islamic Revolution and Its Influence on the Islamic World
The Islamic Revolution of Iran of 1978–1979 is one of the most influential events in the history of contemporary Islamic politics and civilization. This revolution not only marked the collapse of the Pahlavi monarchy, but also gave birth to an Islamic system of government that made religion the ideological foundation of the state. This article aims to analyze the Iranian Islamic Revolution from the perspective of the History of Islamic Civilization by emphasizing the socio-political and religious conditions leading up to the revolution, the factors that caused the revolution, the role of clerics in mass mobilization, and its impact on the global Islamic movement and the geopolitical dynamics of the Islamic world. This study uses a qualitative approach with the library research method, by analyzing primary and secondary sources in the form of books, journal articles, and relevant scientific publications. The results of the study show that the Iranian Islamic Revolution is a manifestation of the rise of modern Islam that reaffirms the role of religion as a socio-political force and civilization. This revolution also provided a broad inspiration for Islamic movements in various countries and reshaped the relationship between Islam, the state, and power in the context of the contemporary Muslim world.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yuliana Pradani, Muhammad Shoheh, Aramahwada, Ashar Dwijulianto, Maharani Windu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perkembangan Masyarakat Islam di Spanyol Pada Masa Keamiran (755-912 M)
This article reveals the role of Islamic civilization in early Spain, which is often overlooked in the narrative of Modern European history, and to show its contribution to the intellectual revival of Europe. Meanwhile, the goal is to analyze the development of Muslims in Spain from their initial arrival until the formation of the emirate government system, especially during the emirate period in Cordoba (755-912 AD). The method used in this article is the library research method with a historical approach that includes heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of the study show that the arrival of Muslims was not solely to control the region, but to overthrow King Roderick of the Visigoth Kingdom, and spread the teachings of Islam in harmony. Not to forget the progress of science, the progress of magnificent architectural buildings, which could rival the Abbasid Caliphate and became the starting point of the European revival. The novelty of this article lies in the emphasis that the transformation of Andalusia into a center of knowledge occurred during the emirate phase, not only in the early period of the caliphate. The implications for policy on the integration of Spanish Muslim scholarship into the curriculum of history education and global civilization studies, in order to provide a foundation of knowledge for future generations to apply in the modern era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Nurhidayat Bahmi, Hafsah Hafsah, Soraya Rasyid, Aksa Aksa, Syamsiah Syamsiah, Nuraeni S Nuraeni S (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Caliph as a Head : Tjokroaminoto’s Political Thought in the 1920s
The purpose of this study is to analyze H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto's political thoughts on the caliphate in the 1920s, in the context of global caliphate issues after the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate in 1924. As an intellectual with a background as a santri-priyayi (Islamic scholar-noble), a skilled orator, and leader of Sarekat Islam, Tjokroaminoto viewed the caliphate as the “head” of the ummah—an important moral-political authority for maintaining the dignity of Islam under colonial domination. This view was shaped by his biographical experiences, his ideological understanding of Islam, and his involvement in the dynamics of global Islamic activism. For Tjokroaminoto, Islam and politics were inseparable; Islam encompassed not only spiritual and religious aspects, but also social and political issues. This study places the caliphate crisis in its historical context, examines the response of Muslims in the Dutch East Indies, and highlights Tjokroaminoto's role and thoughts on the issue. Tjokroaminoto's ideas on the caliphate had a major influence in shaping the boundaries and direction of political Islam in Indonesia in the early 20th century, as well as having a significant impact on Muslims at that time.
Copyright (c) 2025 Septian Anto Waginugroho (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Negara Ummat dan Pendidikan Islam Bernegara: Strategi Kebangkitan Menuju 2045
The existence of the Ottoman Empire (1299–1924) as a political power and center of Islamic civilization represents a crucial phenomenon in world history. This study aims to analyze the political system, governance, state structure, and the development of intellectual, scientific, religious, and cultural life during the Ottoman era, covering the empire’s establishment, golden age, and eventual decline. The research adopts a qualitative historical method through literature review of secondary sources (books, journals, manuscripts) and translated primary sources (archives, works of scholars). The findings reveal: (1) A political system based on absolute monarchy and a hybrid legal framework (Hanafi sharia-kanun) supported imperial expansion and multiethnic stability; (2) A structured education system (madrasah) and state patronage fostered advancements in applied sciences (astronomy, medicine, architecture) and cultural expression in arts and language; (3) Islamic spirituality was mobilized through the caliphate title and ghaza narrative; (4) The millet system accommodated diversity, though bureaucratic stagnation and modernizing pressures led to decline. The novelty of this study lies in its holistic approach that integrates political, intellectual, and cultural aspects, revealing the interconnection between power and civilizational dynamics. The implications offer a comprehensive perspective for Islamic historical studies, emphasizing that Ottoman glory was sustained through the integration of knowledge, religion, and governance rooted in Islamic principles.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nunu A Hamijaya (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Turki Utsmani 1299-1924: Sistem Politik, Pemerintahan, Bentuk Negara, Perkembangan Intelektual, Ilmu, Agama dan Budaya
Copyright (c) 2025 Syahidah Qolbiya Sakinah, Muhamad Zaky Avicena https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
At the Intersection of Authority and Threat: A Philological Analysis of Mataram Letter in Southern Cirebon (1687)
This study examines the dynamics of power and official directives through a philological approach, focusing on letter issued by the Mataram Sultanate to the southern Cirebon region in 1687. By employing a philological perspective, the research investigates not only the textual content but also the material, linguistic, and contextual aspects of the manuscripts. The findings demonstrate that Mataram letter functioned not solely as administrative instruments but also as tools of internal diplomacy and social control, enforcing laws, issuing commands, and signaling warnings to local rulers. Philological examination uncovers layered meanings within the texts, highlighting how language, manuscript form, and historical context collectively shaped the messages sent by the Sultanate to southern Cirebon at the close of the seventeenth century. Ultimately, this study provides a multidimensional understanding of official Mataram documents: as instruments of administration, mechanisms of political legitimacy, and vehicles of social influence. It offers novel insights for Javanese history, colonial administrative studies, and Nusantara textual philology.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tendi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kemenangan Romawi dalam Q.S. Al-Rūm [30]: 2–5 dan Refleksinya terhadap Kemerdekaan Indonesia: Kajian Historis dalam Tafsir Ibnu Katsir dan Safīnat Kallā Saya‘lamūn
This study is motivated by the importance of interpreting Qur’anic verses through historical and contextual lenses to provide relevant meanings for the socio-political dynamics of Muslim communities across time. This article aims to explore the connection between the Roman victory mentioned in Q.S. Al-Rūm [30]: 2–5 and Indonesia’s independence struggle by analyzing Tafsīr Ibn Kathīr and Safīnat Kallā Saya‘lamūn. The study employs a qualitative method with a thematic tafsir approach and contextual-historical analysis. The findings reveal that the verses do not merely document the Persian-Roman conflict, but convey universal messages of hope, resistance, and the triumph of the oppressed. In the Indonesian context, the verses served as ideological and spiritual inspiration for Muslim freedom fighters resisting colonialism. The novelty of this research lies in its intertextual approach, linking Qur’anic texts, early Islamic history, and Indonesia’s national struggle—an area scarcely explored in classical or modern tafsir literature. The implications suggest the potential to strengthen Islamic narratives in shaping national historical consciousness and inform character education grounded in Qur’anic values.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Rafsanjani, Ulfatul Halimah, Faqru Nisa' Arrahmah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pola Islamisasi Awal Di Asia Tenggara: Sumbangannya Pada Usaha Perdamaian Global
The purpose of this study is to explain the Early Islamization Pattern in Southeast Asia: Its Contribution to Global Peace Efforts. This study uses the Constructive Critical History Method. This historical science is a new historical science that focuses on problem solving and finding solutions to problems so that humans as historical actors can enjoy a better life in the present and in the future. This research finds that the “Pattern of Islamization of Trade and Civilizational Dialogue” is the “Early Pattern of Islamization in Southeast Asia.” This pattern took place from the end of the 7th century to the beginning of the 16th century. The agents of Islamization were Islamic traders or Islamic scholars who worked as traders. The weakness of this pattern is that it takes a long time. To achieve good results, this pattern requires the willingness and awareness of both the agents of Islamization and the indigenous population in undergoing the process of Islamization. This pattern does not have a negative impact on innocent Muslims and non-Muslims or those who live elsewhere. This pattern is carried out in a healthy and friendly manner that does not trigger cases of Islamophobia. Conclusion. This research contributes to overcoming the global impasse in addressing the crises, conflicts, wars, and disasters that emerged after COVID-19.
Copyright (c) 2025 Darmawijaya, Hasnidar, Anni Atiqah Mahdiyyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Heritage of Islamic Civilization in Persia Era of Shah Abbas I (1588-1629 CE)
This study analyzes the cultural heritage of Islamic civilization in Persia during Shah Abbas I’ reign (1588-1629 CE), focusing on the interplay between political power, religious identity, and cultural expression. Using a historical research method (heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography), and an interdisciplinary lens, the study addresses gaps in the literature by combining art historical, political, and social perspectives. The results show that monumental architecture (Imam Mosque, Meidan Emam), textile arts, and economic policies were not only artistic achievement but also tools for legitimizing Safavid rule and reinforcing Shia identity. Isfahan, as the capital, exemplified integration between religion, economy, and culture, supporting the dynasty’s political stability. This cultural legacy later shaped modern Iranian national identity. This research contributes to the dynamic understanding of Islamic civilization and the relevance of cultural heritage in the contemporary context. The implications of this research encourage the preservation of cultural heritage as an instrument of diplomacy and inclusive history education. The study's originality lies in its holistic approach combining material and non-material analysis, distinguishing it from previous partial studies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zaahidah Aufaa Ahdillah, Ainun Nuriyah Rahmah Sari, Wawan Hernawan, Ading Kusdiana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sultan Abu’l Mafakhir Mahmud Abdul Qadir, Sultan Agung Banten I : Relasi Sultan Bagian Barat Pulau Jawa Dengan Kekhalifahan Utsmaniyyah (1596-1651)
Sultan Abul Mafakhir Mahmud Abdul Qadirrole as Sultan and Ulama was crucial in reforming the government system of the Banten Sultanate, and paving the way to the golden age of the Banten Sultanate, both in the fields of religion, economy, education, and military. He took full power in 1624 when he was 28 years old. Since 1638 he has received the legitimacy of the title of 'sultan' directly from Mecca, which is a representation of the Ottoman Caliphate. Not only as a ruler with the title of the first sultan in Banten, Abdul Qadir also recorded his name as the first Sultan in the Archipelago to be officially appointed by the Syarif of Mecca, as Sultan Agung Banten I. During his time there were two twin suns on the island of Java that were fighting for influence, namely Sultan Agung Banten and Sultan Agung Mataram. Even though Mataram wanted to unite the entire island of Java, it turned out that Banten never submitted to Mataram. Instead of Mataram conquering Banten, it was through the grandson of Sultan Abul Mafakhir Mahmud Abdul Qadir who was later known as Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa who formed a coalition with Prince Trunojoyo to stage a coup and defeat Mataram.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jemmy Harto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Jaringan Ulama Bogor : Pejuang Islam Sejak Era Utsmaniyyah (Abad 19 – 20 M)
Bogor is a region of Tatar Sunda that has a long history. Known as Pakuan, which was the center of Pajajaran, it was liberated by the Sultanate of Banten during the reign of Maulana Yusuf ibn Hasanuddin ibn Sunan Gunung Jati Syarif Hidayatullah. The purpose of this study is to analyze the Bogor Ulama Network: Islamic Warriors since the Ottoman Era (19th-20th centuries AD). This research uses a historiographical approach with descriptive analysis, interviews, observation, and library research using books, journals, and other related literature. Based on the results of the study, the struggles of Habib Keramat Empang, Dalem Solawat, Syaikh Baing Yusuf, Syaikh Mukhtar 'Atharid, and Mama Abdullah ibn Nuh represent the Bogor Ulama Network of the 19th-20th centuries. Their influence was not limited to Bogor, but extended throughout the Sundanese and Javanese regions, Kelantan, Selangor, Penang, Johor, and even Mecca al-Mukarramah. Some served in education and da'wah, while others became village chiefs and regents. What is clear is that all of them were Islamic warriors from the era of the Ottoman Caliphate until the era after Indonesia's independence.
Copyright (c) 2025 Arif Noor Dhaiman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pendidikan Islam di Masa Awal Kemerdekaan Indonesia: Peran Sejarah dalam Membentuk Identitas Pendidikan Nasional
This research examines the strategic role of Islamic education in the early days of Indonesian independence in shaping the identity of national education. The main objective of this study is to reveal how the contribution of Islamic education institutions, Muslim figures, and post-independence government policies shaped the direction and character of Indonesian national education with religious, humanist, and nationalist characteristics. The methodology used is a historical qualitative approach with analysis of primary and secondary sources, such as state archives, educational documents, and the works of Islamic education figures. The results show that Islamic education has a central role in grounding the values of Pancasila and strengthening national integration through Islamic boarding schools, madrasas, and other Islamic educational institutions. The novelty of this research lies in the disclosure of historical dynamics that have received less attention in contemporary national education discourse. The implication for policy is the importance of reorienting education policy to better accommodate local and spiritual values that have proven to be the unifying force of the nation since the beginning of independence.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ihsan Abdul Haq (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sejarah Peradaban Islam Masa Kepemimpinan Khalifah Usman bin Affan Radhiallahu Anhu
The purpose of this research is to analyze the history of Islamic civilization during the leadership of Caliph Usman bin Affan. This research uses a qualitative approach and literature study method. Based on the results of the research, the expansion of Islam during 'Uthmān's time can be summarized in two areas, namely suppressing the disobedience and rebellion that occurred in several countries that had come under Islamic rule at the time of Umar and continuing the expansion of Islam to areas that had stopped the expansion of Islam during the time of Umar. 'Uthmān handed over the whole of the Levant to Muawiyyah ibn Abu Sufyan to wage war by sea and land as far as Taflis. Then 'Abdullah ibn Abu Sarh conquered all of Africa. At that time, 'Uthmān released 'Amr b. 'Ash from his position as the governor of Egypt and appointed 'Abdullah b. Abu Sarh in his place. 'Uthmān b. Affan r.a was besieged by rebels. It happened in the month of Dhul Hijjah in the 35th year of Hijrah. At that time he was 82 years old and his caliphate lasted 12 years. His killing was the cause of the division and scattering of the Muslims.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tatang Hidayat, Istianah Istianah, Tia Aprilianti, Makhmud Syafe'i, Saepul Anwar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sejarah Peradaban Islam Dalam Perspektif Ibnu Katsir
The purpose of this study is to analyze the history of Islamic civilization in the perspective of Ibn Kathir. Using the literature study method, the researcher found that Ibn Kathir is a superior scholar who earned the title of Al-Hāfidzh, Al-Muhaddits, Al-Fāqih, Al-Mu'arrikh and Al-Mufassir with amazing works. Through his historical works, Ibn Kathir indirectly established a methodology for reconstructing historical events starting from collecting sources of history, criticizing sources with hadith science, interpretation and writing represented by nuqil. As for when Ibn Kathir compiled the book Al-Bidāyah wa an-Nihāyah, he compiled it with a distinctive periodization so as to avoid us from the view that the time of the Prophet ﷺ was a classic or ancient period. The glory of Islamic civilization that was built from the time of the Prophet ﷺ can be repeated by retracing the steps as exemplified by the Prophet and the Sahabat. Because the steps of the Prophet ﷺ in building civilization are steps guided by revelation, this book of revelation is a valuable legacy for the reconstruction of Islamic civilization in the future. The civilization that materializes is not a patchwork civilization but a distinctive civilization that is able to create an Islamic society.
Copyright (c) 2025 Farida Nur Rahma, Mada Wijaya Kusumah, Tatang Hidayat, Wido Supraha (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Historis Filosofis Kurikulum Pendidikan Islam Masa Rasulullah SAW
Curriculum plays an important role in the education system as the main guide to the learning experience of learners. The success of the Prophet's education shows the integration of spiritual, intellectual, and social values without a written curriculum. The purpose of this study is to analyze the historical-philosophical curriculum of Islamic Education during the Prophet's era. The research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical and historical-philosophical literature study method. Data obtained from primary and secondary literature, then analyzed using content analysis. Based on the results of the study, the education system during the time of the Prophet Saw. began with the formation of faith and character in Makkah through an informal approach, and developed systematically in Medina through institutions such as mosques and kuttabs, integrating spiritual, social, and legal values. The Prophet used contextual methods, such as questions and answers and stories, which formed a holistic and applicable education system. This education is transformative, humanistic, and responsive to the needs of society. Curriculum development must refer to a strong foundation, and the curriculum of the Prophet's time is a model that is relevant and applicable throughout the ages.
Copyright (c) 2025 Eka Dudy Meinura (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Sejarah Interaksi Peradaban Cina dengan Islam
This research aims to describe the interaction of Chinese civilization with islām. The method used is descriptive analysis. Based on the results of the analysis, the interaction between the Chinese people and the Arabs occurred during the 5th century AD, which is long before the religion of Islām was born. One of the famous Muslim leaders in the process of spreading Islām in China is Sa'ād Ibn Abī Waqās through the “Silk Road”. Islām has been rooted in China for a long time, starting from the Tang Dynasty to the Manchu Dynasty. The golden age of Muslims was during the Ming Dynasty. Unfortunately, when China was transformed into the People's Republic of China (PRC), with an anti-islām communist system, the islām community in the country was like chicks who lost their mother, because all the teachings of islām began to cease to function at that time. However, the spirit of the Muslim minority in the region has never faded. Islām, which was introduced by devout and intelligent merchants centuries ago, has been deeply rooted and influential in many aspects of Muslim life in China, not only in thought, but also in the value system and norms of the Muslim community in China today. Whether we realize it or not, the Chinese people have adopted a lot of islām knowledge from time to time.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Rohmatul Azka, Endis Firdaus, Aceng Kosasih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Kritis Atas Adaptasi Dan Interaksi Filsafat Mesir Kuno Dengan Islam
The purpose of this study is to analyze the adaptation and interaction of ancient Egyptian philosophy with Islam to regenerate the history of science. This research uses a qualitative approach and literature study method. Based on the results of the research, the development of philosophy in Egypt today is one of the important parts of a number of philosophical developments in the world of Islām. Through Egypt, philosophy spread to various parts of Islām because Egypt had opened very wide opportunities for scientific activities and gave freedom to anyone to study philosophy in particular and science in general. The development of Islamic philosophy in Egypt consists of two forms, the first is in the form of efforts to preserve the study of philosophy by reprinting all philosophical turats that have developed and the second is the development of philosophy carried out by holding seminars and discussions on various interesting topics. In addition, in Egypt there are institutions that concentrate on studying and analyzing various scientific issues, including philosophy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nofitayanti Nofitayanti, Endis Firdaus, Aceng Kosasih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0